Valve structure



July 30, 1935. J. c. HANNA Er AL 2,009,616

VALVE STRUCTURE Filed June 2, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 30, 1935. 1 Q HANNA Er AL 2,009,616

VALVE STRUCTURE Filed Jim@ 2, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jfzm C f/czzza, ,Maf/zar W She/zwaai,

Patented July 30, 1935 Y UNITED4 STATES vParisist oFFIcE VALVE STRUCTURE John VC. Hanna and Mather W. Sherwood, Chi.-

cago,V Ill., assignors to Hanna Engineering Works, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application June 2, 1933, Serial No.' 673,984

14 Claims. (Cl. 251--90) This invention relates to a new and improved wear of the contacting Asurfaces at different valve structure, and more particularly to a valve points on the valve disc. This unequal wear for controlling the flow of fluid under pressure, ultimately causes leakages and pressure losses. such, for example, as compressed air. t is an object of the present invention to pro- 5 Valves of this character are used. in controlvide a new and improved valve construction. 5

ling the power cylinders of apparatus such as it is a further object to provide a construction hoists, press-es, punches, riveters, or other forms in whichl wear of the valve surfaces is reduced of apparatus operatedby compressed air. These and formation of Circular grOQVeS O1 ridgesplfe-v valves are designed to control a plurality of open- Vented.

ings and are often used to simultaneously con- Itis also an object 'to provide a construction in 10 trol separate flows in' opposite directions, as,v for which the valve surfaces are directly lubricated.

example, to the intake side ofa cylinder piston It is an additional object to provide a` conand from the discharge sideY 0f the piston; struction in which the contact surfaces between Such valves, asgenerally constructed, comprise thek valve and valve seat are substantially bala rotatable disc having openings and passages anoed in area about the axis of movement of -the 15 therein which may be moved into and out of reg- Valve. Y istration with selected Openings by means of ro- It iS a furti-1er Obiet to Dl'OVide a COIISIUC- tation of the dise. It has been found in such tion'whioh is simplelin design and in assembly, types of construction where the disc is rotated and adapte-d for commercial produetmlnd use.

about a xed axis, wear takes place andclearly Other and further ObJ'eCtSWill appear aeV the 20 defined circular grooves develop in both the deSCID'Orl PTOCeedS. valve face of the discand in its associated seat- We have ShQWIl a preferred embodiment 0f 01111 ing face. Some of these grooves are theresult of invention in .the accompanying drawings, in minute irregularities in the materials ror lack of which-Jv Y n y uniformity in hardness or homogeneity of struc- Figure l iS a DerSpeCfVe VeW Qfthevalve aS- 25 ture. Other grooves are caused by foreign matsembly; y ter which may Work between the surfaces, being Figure 2 is a vertical section taken'throughthe carried into the vaivestrueture by the nuid beexhaust and intake connections; k Y ing controlled. Both types of grooves are un- Figure 3 is a vertical section taken' at right desirable and are clearly visible to the naked eye angles to Figure 2 and passing through the `ovln-` 30 after operation of a valve of this type for any derconnections, which connections are closed;

reasonable period. In the case of grooves due Figllle 4 iS aVeW generally Similar t0 Fgllre to the lack of uniformity of the material of the but showing ythe valve member turned to open valve a circular ridge on one surface will be the connections to thecylinders; 'y 'l found fitting into a similar circular groove` in Figure 5 iS a VeW taken 0X1 lille 5 5v 0f Fig? 35 the other surface. The type of grooves resulting ure 2; i

from foreign particles will consist in matching Figure 6 is a View taken on line 6--6 of yFiggrooves on the two opposed surfaces. TheforV ure 4; and Y eign particles will not be ejected until the grooves Figures 7 and 8 are fragmentary views of the 40 reach a port in the valvedisc or valve seat wherevalve disc inA horizontal section, showingthe re- 40 upon leakage lines or passages have been formed. lation of the valve operating member to the valve Another difficulty in prior valve structures of disc upon movement `in each direction; f.

this type has been to secure adequate-lubrication In the drawings, the valve assemblyas shown v between the valve disc and valve seating surinFigure l, comprises the valve body Il, the

faces. In the usual type of valve the valve survalve coverlli, the valve stem oroperating mem-.- 45

face is so interrupted that the entire'surface of ber i3, vand valve operating handle I4. The f the valve and seat is not wiped in normal valve handle Ill is shown asclamped to the stem l-3 by operation. In usual types of valves the valve `the boit l5. The valve cover I2 is secured tothe disc is held against its seat by the line pressure valve body llby means of a plurality of bolts I6.

of air entering the valve body through the valve As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the valve stem I3 50 intake port. Where the valve surface is not symis provided with a longitudinally extending cenmetrical about its axis the pressure lvarieson tr'al cavityV as indicated at l1, and the upperl end diierent contact faces, as, for example, where of this cavity is connected to a fitting I8 for the a wide exhaust opening is yformed in the valve. purpose of introducing a lubricant into the stem.v7

Such pressure diiferences result in diierential The lower end of the central passage I1 communicates with the pocket IS formed in the valve disc 2D. The valve disc 20 is held against the valve seat 2| in the valve cover I2 by means of the coil spring 22 which rests on the bottom of the inside of the Valve body I I.

The valve cover I2 is provided with passages 23 and 24 which communicate with passages 25 and 26 respectively, formed in the valve body II. These passages 25 and 26 have threaded openings into which are secured pipes 21 and 28 which may be connected to opposite ends of a piston cylinder to be controlled by the valve. As shown in Figure 2 the valve cover I2 is also provided with the passage 29 communicating with the passage 30 formed in the valve body II, this passage 3i) having a lateral opening into which is threaded a pipe 3 I, which may serve as an exhaust pipe and be connected to any desired point where it is desired to discharge exhaust air. The valve body vI I isY also provided with an opening into which is threaded the pipe 32, which pipe may serve as an intake or inlet to introduce fluid under Vpressure into the valve body. The bottom of the valve body II is provided with an additional opening shown closed by plug 52. It will be apparent that the pipe 32 or a pipe connected to the opening closed by plug 52 will discharge directly into the body and that the fluid under pressure will be upon all sides of the valve disc 20 except the valve face`23, which is in contact with the valve seat 2l formed on the Valve cover I2.

Referring now to Figures 5 and 6, the valve disc 2D is provided with passages 34 and 35 which are adapted lto communicate with the passages 25 and 26 respectively, formed in the valve body. These passages 34 and 35 extend completely through the valve disc and therefore communicate with theuid under pressure in the valve body., The valve disc 29 is also provided with the arcuate passage 36 which is closed on the bottom sideof the valve disc throughout its extent, but is provided with the openings 31 and 38 on the upper face of the valve disc. These openings 31 and 38 are adapted selectively to'be brought into communication with the exhaust passage 30 or with one of the passages 23 or 24.

The lower end of the valve stem I3 is provided with the laterally extending arm 39 which extends into a pocket 40 in the valve disc. This pocket 40 communicates with the central recess I9 in the valve disc and also is in communication with the upper face of the valve disc through the opening 4I. The valve disc 23 is further profvided with the stop lugs 42 and 43 whichl are adapted to engage the shoulders 44 and 45 to limit the rotary movement of the valve disc.

The lower end of the valve stem I3, as clearly shown in Figures '7 and 8, is loosely fitted within the valve disc and the arm 39 is also loosely fitted in the pocket 40. The valve stem I3 fits closely into the sleeve 46 formed on the valve cover. This close fit in the sleeve 46causes the stern to rotate about a fixed axis. The valve disc, however, is not constrained except by its loose fit upon the valve stem I3 and arm 39. Consequently the valve disc does not have an exact rotary motion but a combined rotary and lateral motion. For example, when the valve disc is being rotated in the counterclockwise direction as shown in Figure '7, the disc is eccentric on the valve stem,the valve stem contacting the disc at the point 41. The arm 39 contacts the sideV of pocket 4 at point 48. When the rotation of the disc is reversed by a reverse movement ofthe handle I4 controlling the valve stem I3, three distinct movements take place. First, the valve stem rotates with no effect upon the disc, `the angular extent of this movement depending upon the clearance of the end of the arm 39 in the pocket 40 in the disc. The second movement consists in a shifting of the disc to the right. This movement is approximately a-straight line translation of that portion of the disc only which is closely adjacent' to the point of Contact 49between the arm 39 and side of the pocket 40, as shown in Figure 8. As the disc shifts, all other portions' thereof rotate about this point in a clockwise manner. This peculiar movement of the disc ceases when the wall of the stem hole in thedisc contacts the cylindrical portion of the stem on the opposite side from the contact point for counterclockwise movement. This latter contact point has been indicated at 50.

In the operation of the valve, with the valve disc in normal position, as best shown in Figures 2 and 5, the fluid under pressure merely' fills the cavity inthe valve body and is not in communication with either cylinder or with the exhaust. When it is desired to operate the cylinder in one direction the valve disc is turned to the position shown in Figure 6. This is accomplished by counterclockwise movement-of the valve stem I3 until the stop 43 engagesthe shoulder 45. This serves to bring the passage 34 into communication with the passage 25 leading through pipe 21 to one'end of the cylinder. At the same time the opening 31 intovpassage 35 is brought into'comrnunication with the exhaust passage 39 and the opening 38 at the opposite end of passage'3 is brought into communication with the passage 26 leading to the opposite end of the cylinder. This permits fluid to be exhausted from the opposite end of the cylinder. y

It will-be understood that a complete reversal of the position of the valve disc made by moving the disc until the lug 42 engages the .shoulder 44, will operate to connect the other end of the cylinder to theiluid under pressure and to connect the previous pressure end to the exhaust passage.

During the operation of the Valve the pocket 4U formed in the valve disc, will have swept over a material portion of the valve face .on the valve cover. This pocket'is filled with lubricant which passes into the pocket from the valve stem. Consweep a portion of the valve seat with lubricant. This lubricant works over the entire surf ace as the operation continues and the contacting surfaces are maintained fully lubricated.

Lil)

`sequently every operation of the valve serves to It will be noted that none of the openings in the upper face of the valve disc exceeds in arcuate v dimension the sweep of the valve disc in normal operation. Consequently a normal operation of the valve brings every portion of the valve seat into contact with some portion .of the valve disc. This is highly important in that it keeps all parts of the .surface lubricated and thus prevents any corrosion of parts. The eccentric movement or combined rotary and lateral movement which has been described in connectionv with Figures 7 and 8, is a very important factor in maintaining the surfaces lubricated and also in preventing the formation of any circular grooves or ridges due either to foreign .matter or irregularities of the hardness of the valve or valve seat. This relative motion'ofthe valve disc also serves to quickly eliminate any foreign matter which may get between the surfaces, as the lateral movement of the valve gradually works it over the edge of the valve instead of maintaining it between the surfaces as a straight rotary movement tends to do.

Anjotnerimportant result of the' balanced lona; tion' or the'openingsand the fact that the"`upper part of the" intermediate portion ofpa'ssage" 3%*is' closed; lies in the equalized pressure areas` b'e-n tiveenl the'valve' disc and valve Seat which' causes4 an equal distribution of Wear between valve and' seat. i u v f v` It will be noted that the'pipe connectionsitothe valve are all made tothe valve body so that the valve cover and valve disc'm'ay be removed' for replacement or repair without breaking any pipe connections. The opening closed by'plug 52` may be used to" connect the intake pipe if that will simplify the' piping at the particularpoint where' the'lvalveis' used. j 1

While the valve has beendescribed as' used in conn'e'c'tion with' the'control of the loiv of fluid` to'a'nd from the'opposite'end's ofja piston'cylinder, it will be understood that it is' capable of other uses.v Any desired number of the ports or open-,

ings may be used or blanked on by plugs depende ing on the requirements of the particular use;

While" We have shovvn'one preferred embodiment of our invention, this isV to'be understood `to be illustrative only as'the construction is capable' of ri'iodiiication'v to meet varying conditions and' requirements, and We contemplate such changes and variations as corne Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. i

We claim: v

l. In a valve structure, a valve seat having a' centrall opening, a valve member engaging the valve seat, said valve member having a central cavity formed therein, a valve operating member passing through the central opening in the valve seat and tting loosely in the central cavity in the valve member, and an arm on the valve operating member adapted to engage the valve member at a point spaced from the central opening to impart a combined lateral and rotary movement to the valve member.

2. In a valve structure, a valve body having an axial opening therein, a rotatable valve operating member closely fitting the opening, a valve memer engaging a valve seat in the valve body, saidV valve member having a central cavity formed therein, the valve operating member extending into the cavity and loosely ntted therein and an arm carried by the valve operating member engaging the valve member at a point spaced from the axis of rotation of the valve operating member to impart a combined lateral and rotary movement to the valve member.

3. In a valve structure, a valve body, a valve seat having a central opening, a valve member engaging the valve s-eat and loosely fitted in the valve body, a valve operating member passing through the central opening in the valve seat and closely iitting the opening in the Valve seat for rotation therein, and an arm on the valve operating member adapted to engage the valve member.

at a point spaced from the central opening to impart a combined lateral and rotary movement to the valve member.

4. In a valve structure, a valve body, having an axial circular opening therein, a valve member ntted in the valve body for limited lateral and rotary movement therein, said valve member having a central pocket therein having a radially eX- tending portion, a valve operating member extending through the central opening in the valve body and into the central pocket in the valve member, and an arm on the valve member extending into the radially extending portion of the pocket.

52 In' a' valve structure; ra valveA bodyhaving an" axial circular' oifn'eniri'gV thereia valve member' ntted inf the valve bday for' limited lateral and otarynivernen'tltherein, said valv`e`ll`riemlrler.have4 ing ai central7 pocket therein having ar'a'dially ex-n tendingpbrtion', ah'valve operating member extending throughv the central' openingin thev valve body land into the central pocket in the valve member, and an arm on thevalve operating mem-- ber extending into ther'adia-lly extending portionof the pocket, thevalveoperating member having a lubricantr opening therethrough, the opening terminatingv in' the central pocket in the valve' member. y 4 l 6. Ink a valve structure, a' valve body having ani axiaicircular opening therein, aY vajlvemember iitted' inthe valve body for limited lateral and r'o1 tary movementtherein, saidV valve member hav-` i'ng a ,oontrall'pook'et therein` having a radially extending portion,1 a valve operating' membe'rex-f tending through the centrall opening in the valve body and into the central pocket in' the valve member and loosely fitting therein,r andan arm on the valve operating member vextending intof the'radially extending portion of the pocket-and e;

ioeseiy fitting therein. p

7. VIna' valve structure, a' valvebody having a valve seat therein, a' valve member, means for moving the' valve member in Contact with the valve" seat, the' valve member having apocket o therein opening upon the valve Yface adjacent valve seat' at a point spaced from' the axisof the' valvev member, and means for supplying lubricant to said pocket. Y

8. In a valve structure, a valve body having a valve seat therein, a valve member, means for moving the valve member in Contact with the valve seat, the valve member havingA a pocket therein opening upon the valve face adjacent the valve seat at a point spaced from the axis of the valve member, the valve moving means having a passage therein for supplying lubricant to said pocket.

9. In a valve structure, a valve body having a valve seat therein, a valve member engaging the seat, a valve actuator loosely engaging the valve member i'or imparting a combined rotary and lateral movement to the valve member, the valve member having a pocket therein communicating with the valve face in Contact with the valve seat, and means for supplying lubricant to said pocket.

1G. In a valve structure, a valve body having a valve seat therein, a valve member engaging the seat, and a valve actuator loosely engaging the valve member for imparting a combined rotary and lateral movement to the valve member, the valve member having a pocket therein communieating with the valve face in contact with the valve seat, the valve actuator having a passage therein communicating with the pocket for sup plying lubricant thereto.

l1. In a valve structure, a valve body having a `valve seat therein, the valve seat having a plurality of openings therein and passages communieating with said openings, the valve body having a valve actuator receiving bore axially of said valve seat, a valve member engaging the valve seat, said valve member having a plurality of passages therein communicating with openings in the face engaging the valve seat, the valve member having a centrally located actuator receiving recess with a radially extending pocket, and a valve actuator .fitting closely in the bore in the valve body, and loosely in the pocket in the valve member and having an arm extending into the radially extending pocket to impart a combined lateral and rotary movement to the valve member.

12. In a valve structure, a valve body having a valve seat therein, the valve seat havingn a lplu.- rality of openings therein and passages communicating with said openings, the valve body having a valve actuator receiving bore axially of said valve seat, a valve member engaging the valve seat, said valve member having a plurality of passages therein communicating with 'openings in the face engaging the valve seat, the valve member having a centrally located actuator receiving recess with a radially extending pocket, and a valve actuator fitting closely in the bore in the valve body and loosely in the pocket in the valve member and having an arm extending into the radially extending pocket, the arm fitting loosely in the pocket and having an enlarged end adapted to engage a lateral Wall of the pocket at a point spaced from the central recess to impart a combined lateral and rotary movement to the valve member. Y

13. In a valve structure, a valve body having a valve seat therein, the valve seat having a plurality of openings therein and passages communicating with said openings, the valve body having a valve actuator receiving bore axially of, said valve seat, a valve member engaging the valve seat, said valve member having a plurality of passages therein communicating with openings in the face engaging the valve seat,` the valve member having a centrally located actuator receiv-` ing recess with a radially extending pocket, and

a valve actuator fitting closely in the bore in the valve body and loosely in the pocket in the valve member and having an arm extending into the radially extending pocket to impart a combined lateral and rotary movement to the valve member, the radial pocket opening to the valve seat engaging face of the valve and the valve actuator having a passage formed therein to carry lubricant to the recess in the valve member.

14. In a valve structure, a valve body having a valve seat therein, the valve seat having a plurality of openings therein and passages communicating with said openings, the valve body having a, valve actuator receiving bore axially of said valve seat, a valve member engaging the valve seat, said valve member having a plurality of passages therein communicating with openings in the face engaging the valve seat, the valve member having a centrally located actuator receiving recess with a radially extending pocket, a valve actuator fitting closely in the bore in the valve body and loosely in the pocket in the valve member and having an arm extending into the radially extending pocket, the radial pocket opening to the valve seat engaging face of the valve and the valve actuator having a passage formed therein to carry lubricant to the recess in the valve member, and means limiting movement of the valve member, said means preventing the radial pocket opening from being brought into registration with the openings in the valve body.

JOI-IN C. HANNA. MATHER W. SHERWOOD. 

